Os serviços Onion (anteriormente conhecidos como "serviços ocultos") são serviços (como ''sites'' da Web) que apenas podem ser acedidos através da rede Tor.
Os serviços Onion oferecem uma série de vantagens em relação aos serviços na Web não privados:
- A localização dos serviços onion e os endereços IP são ocultos, tornando difícil para adversários censurá-los ou identificarem os seus operadores.
- All traffic between Tor users and onion services is end-to-end encrypted, so you do not need to worry about connecting over HTTPS.
- O endereço de um serviço onion é gerado automaticamente, por isso os operadores não têm de comprar um domínio; o URL .onion também ajuda o Tor a garantir que está conectar-se ao lugar certo e que a conexão não está a ser adulterada.
COMO ACEDER A UM SERVIÇO ONION
Just like any other website, you will need to know the address of an onion service in order to connect to it. An onion address is a string of 56 letters and numbers, followed by ".onion".
Quando acede a um site da Web que utiliza um serviço onion, o Tor Browser irá mostrar na barra de endereço um ícone de uma cebola exibindo o estado da sua ligação: segura e a utilizar um serviço onion.
Pode aprender mais sobre um site onion que esteja a visitar através do Circuit Display.
Outra maneira de conhecer um site onion é se um administrador do site tiver implementado uma funcionalidade chamada Localização-Onion.
Localização-Onion é um HTTP header não comum que websites podemm utilizar para publicar os seus homólogos onion.
Se o website que estiver a visitar tiver um site onion disponível, uma sugestão em roxo aparecerá em roxo na barra do URL do Tor Browser com ".onion disponível".
Quando clica em ".onion disponível", o website irá recarregar e redirecionar para o homólogo onion.
Para priotizar a versão onion de um website, pode ativar o redirecionamento automático da Localização-Onion.
Click on hamburger menu (≡), go to Settings, click on Privacy & Security, and in the Onion Services section look for the entry "Prioritize .onion sites when known." and check the option "Always".
Or you can copy and paste this string in a new tab: about:preferences#privacy and change this setting.
ONION SERVICE AUTHENTICATION
An authenticated onion service is a service like an onion site that requires the client to provide an authentication token before accessing the service.
As a Tor user, you may authenticate yourself directly in the Tor Browser.
In order to access this service, you will need access credentials from the onion service operator.
When accessing an authenticated onion service, Tor Browser will show in the URL bar an icon of a little gray key, accompanied by a tooltip.
Enter your valid private key into the input field.
ONION SERVICES ERRORS
If you can't connect to an onion site, Tor Browser will provide a specific error message informing why the website is unavailable.
Errors can happen in different layers: client errors, network errors or service errors.
Some of these errors can be fixed by following the Troubleshooting section.
The table below shows all the possible errors and which action you should take to solve the issue.
| Code |
Error Title |
Short Description |
| 0xF0 |
Onionsite Not Found |
The most likely cause is that the onionsite is offline. Contact the onionsite administrator. |
| 0xF1 |
Onionsite Cannot Be Reached |
The onionsite is unreachable due an internal error. |
| 0xF2 |
Onionsite Has Disconnected |
The most likely cause is that the onionsite is offline. Contact the onionsite administrator. |
| 0xF3 |
Unable to Connect to Onionsite |
The onionsite is busy or the Tor network is overloaded. Try again later. |
| 0xF4 |
Onionsite Requires Authentication |
Access to the onionsite requires a key but none was provided. |
| 0xF5 |
Onionsite Authentication Failed |
The provided key is incorrect or has been revoked. Contact the onionsite administrator. |
| 0xF6 |
Invalid Onionsite Address |
The provided onionsite address is invalid. Please check that you entered it correctly. |
| 0xF7 |
Onionsite Circuit Creation Timed Out |
Failed to connect to the onionsite, possibly due to a poor network connection. |
RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS
If you cannot reach the onion service you requested, make sure that you have entered the onion address correctly: even a small mistake will stop Tor Browser from being able to reach the site.
If you are still unable to connect to the onion service after verifying the address, please try again later. There may be a temporary connection issue, or the site operators may have allowed it to go offline without warning.
If the onion service you are trying to access consists of a string of 16 characters (V2 format), this type of address is being deprecated.
You can also test if you are able to access other onion services by connecting to DuckDuckGo's Onion Service.